如何快速上手配置MongoDB 3.4的replication
Contents
一 需求
1 MongoDB角色设定
2台Linux机器，CentOS 7.5.1804版本的操作系统，需要配置一套MongoDB 3.4版本的一主一从架构的数据库。这里拟定机器角色如下：
| IP地址 | 角色 |
|---|---|
| 172.16.17.8 | primary |
| 172.16.19.110 | standby |
2 机器信息如下
#primary [root@guoxin8 ~]# uname -rm 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 x86_64 [root@guoxin8 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) [root@guoxin8 ~]# hostname -I 172.16.17.8 172.31.0.1 [root@guoxin8 ~]# #standby [root@localhost ~]# uname -rm 3.10.0-862.el7.x86_64 x86_64 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.5.1804 (Core) [root@localhost ~]# hostname -I 172.16.19.110 [root@localhost ~]#
二 流程
说明：任意机器上都要分别执行下述1-6步骤
1 下载安装文件MongoDB 3.4.24
下载地址：https://www.mongodb.com/download-center/community/releases
[root@localhost ~]# wget https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24.tgz --2022-06-02 09:02:22-- https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24.tgz 正在解析主机 fastdl.mongodb.org (fastdl.mongodb.org)... 13.35.125.18, 13.35.125.110, 13.35.125.99, ... 正在连接 fastdl.mongodb.org (fastdl.mongodb.org)|13.35.125.18|:443... 已连接。 已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK 长度：125217131 (119M) [application/x-gzip] 正在保存至: "mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24.tgz" 100%[======================================================================================================================================================================================================>] 125,217,131 4.66MB/s 用时 26s 2022-06-02 09:02:50 (4.61 MB/s) - 已保存 "mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24.tgz" [125217131/125217131]) [root@localhost ~]#
2 解压安装文件
[root@localhost ~]# tar -zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24.tgz mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES.gotools mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/README mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/MPL-2 mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/GNU-AGPL-3.0 mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongodump mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongorestore mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongoexport mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongoimport mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongostat mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongotop mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/bsondump mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongofiles mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongooplog mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongoreplay mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongoperf mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongod mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongos mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/mongo [root@localhost ~]#
3 cp可执行文件
[root@localhost ~]# cp mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24/bin/* /usr/local/bin/ [root@localhost ~]# du -sh mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24 304M mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-3.4.24 [root@localhost ~]# ll /usr/local/bin/ 总用量 314388 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13537744 6月 2 09:06 bsondump -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 30604240 6月 2 09:06 mongo -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 56271488 6月 2 09:06 mongod -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14389096 6月 2 09:06 mongodump -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13959296 6月 2 09:06 mongoexport -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13827704 6月 2 09:06 mongofiles -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14101040 6月 2 09:06 mongoimport -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13541576 6月 2 09:06 mongooplog -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 55464688 6月 2 09:06 mongoperf -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 17613984 6月 2 09:06 mongoreplay -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14420144 6月 2 09:06 mongorestore -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 32131856 6月 2 09:06 mongos -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 14105800 6月 2 09:06 mongostat -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 13732264 6月 2 09:06 mongotop [root@localhost ~]#
4 配置数据库启动文件
#4创建MongoDB启动配置文件 cat <<EOF>/etc/mongodb.conf dbpath=/data/mongodb/data logpath=/data/mongodb/log/mongodb.log logappend=true port=27017 fork=true #这里指定replicaset为rs0,如果是配置单实例MongoDB，则注释掉该选项即可 replSet=rs0 #这里暂时指定MongoDB不需要验证即可登录，需要的话，则反注释，并重启MongoDB #auth=true EOF
5 创建mongod用户和组，MongoDB数据存储位置和日志存放位置
#创建mongod用户和组，MongoDB数据存储位置和日志存放位置 groupadd -g 1788 mongod useradd -g mongod -u 1788 mongod echo 'mongod'|passwd --stdin mongod mkdir -p /data/mongodb/data mkdir -p /data/mongodb/log chown -R mongod:mongod /data/mongodb ll /data/mongodb/
6 启动MongoDB
[root@guoxin8 ~]# su - mongod 上一次登录：四 6月 2 10:38:08 CST 2022pts/0 上 [mongod@guoxin8 ~]$ mongod -f /etc/mongodb.conf about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 24422 child process started successfully, parent exiting [mongod@guoxin8 ~]$
7 另外机器上重复上述1-6步骤
8 primary执行rs.initiate()初始化replication
> rs.initiate( {
... _id : "rs0",
... members: [
... { _id: 0, host: "172.16.17.8:27017" },
... { _id: 1, host: "172.16.19.110:27017" }
... ]
... })
{ "ok" : 1 }
rs0:OTHER> #回车之后，会自动提示，当前节点是primary
rs0:SECONDARY> #回车之后，会自动提示，当前节点是primary
rs0:SECONDARY> rs.status()
{
"set" : "rs0",
"date" : ISODate("2022-06-02T11:28:44.997Z"),
"myState" : 1,
"term" : NumberLong(1),
"syncingTo" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"heartbeatIntervalMillis" : NumberLong(2000),
"optimes" : {
"lastCommittedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(0, 0),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"appliedOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1654169321, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"durableOpTime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1654169321, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
}
},
"members" : [
{
"_id" : 0,
"name" : "172.16.17.8:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 1,
"stateStr" : "PRIMARY",
"uptime" : 415,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1654169321, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2022-06-02T11:28:41Z"),
"syncingTo" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"infoMessage" : "could not find member to sync from",
"electionTime" : Timestamp(1654169319, 1),
"electionDate" : ISODate("2022-06-02T11:28:39Z"),
"configVersion" : 1,
"self" : true,
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : ""
},
{
"_id" : 1,
"name" : "172.16.19.110:27017",
"health" : 1,
"state" : 2,
"stateStr" : "SECONDARY",
"uptime" : 15,
"optime" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1654169308, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDurable" : {
"ts" : Timestamp(1654169308, 1),
"t" : NumberLong(-1)
},
"optimeDate" : ISODate("2022-06-02T11:28:28Z"),
"optimeDurableDate" : ISODate("2022-06-02T11:28:28Z"),
"lastHeartbeat" : ISODate("2022-06-02T11:28:43.818Z"),
"lastHeartbeatRecv" : ISODate("2022-06-02T11:28:40.527Z"),
"pingMs" : NumberLong(1),
"lastHeartbeatMessage" : "",
"syncingTo" : "",
"syncSourceHost" : "",
"syncSourceId" : -1,
"infoMessage" : "",
"configVersion" : 1
}
],
"ok" : 1
}
rs0:PRIMARY> 至此，我们实现了，从零开始，构建了一个干净的完整的MongoDB 的replication。
说明：这里的添加命令，是一步到位的。规避了前面一次部署MongoDB时遇到的坑：当添加从节点之后，主节点状态变成SECONDARY，而备节点成为了STARTUP的状态。
三 小结和参考
配置MongoDB replication，官方指南：https://www.mongodb.com/docs/v3.4/administration/replica-sets/
本篇文档，完美的一次性到位，从零开始，step by step 配置MongoDB的replication。
